Elif Ba

Every chapter of Elif Ba in order, from the letters to the prayers, with exercises and quizzes.

Start learningLettersThe classic writing of letters. Note: Letters in red are thick letters. • The letters marked with this symbol are lisped letters.

1LettersThe classic writing of letters. Note: Letters in red are thick letters. • The letters marked with this symbol are lisped letters.
2Letters and Their FormsThe different ways letters are written when they appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a word.
3Vowels and MarksThe signs that determine the pronunciation of letters are called 'harakat'. There are three harakat: Fatha ( ◌َ ) makes thin letters sound like 'e' and thick letters sound like 'a'. Kasra ( ◌ِ ) makes thin letters sound like 'i' and thick letters sound like a sound between 'ı' and 'i'. Damma ( ◌ُ ) makes thin letters sound between 'u' and 'ü', and thick letters sound like 'u'.
4SukunSukun (Cezm) connects the letter it appears on to the previous letter without adding a vowel sound.
5ShaddahShaddah indicates that the letter it appears on is actually written twice (though the second occurrence is not visible) and should be pronounced with emphasis.
6Elongation LettersThere are three elongation (Madd) letters, which indicate vowel lengthening: ( ا ) lengthens the previous letter with a fatha. If the letter is thin, it is pronounced between 'a' and 'e'; if thick, it is pronounced as 'a'. ( ي ) lengthens the previous letter with a kasra. If the letter is thin, it sounds like 'i'; if thick, it sounds between 'i' and 'ı'. ( و ) lengthens the previous letter with a damma. If the letter is thin, it sounds between 'u' and 'ü'; if thick, it sounds like 'u'.
7TanweenTanween is the doubling of the three harakat we previously learned ( ◌ً ◌ٍ ◌ٌ ). It means adding an 'n' sound at the end of letters when they are in fatha, kasra, or damma form.
8Asr, Med and QasrAsr (Vertical Harakat: ◌ٰ ◌ٖ ): Indicates that the letter should be elongated, regardless of whether a Madd letter is present. Med (Madd): Lengthens by one Elif amount. It appears where elongation is required but no Madd letter is present. Qasr (Kasr): Indicates that a letter should not be elongated, even if an elongation letter is present.
9Zameer and LafzatullahZameer refers to the ( هـ ) letter at the end of a word. It is pronounced with elongation if the preceding letter has a harakat (vowel mark). If the preceding letter is sukun (cezm) or has no harakat, it is pronounced without elongation. Lafzatullah ( الله ): The pronunciation of the ( ل ) in this word changes based on the preceding vowel: If the previous letter has fatha or damma, ( ل ) is pronounced thick. If the previous letter has kasra, ( ل ) is pronounced thin.
10Prayer SupplicationsThe pronunciation of prayer supplications follows the rules we have learned so far: